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Onitoersitp  of  JRortfi  Carolina 


Collection  of  jRorti)  Catoliniana 
from  t&e  Effcratp  of 


In  Loving  Remembrance 

— -fiOFw — 

Our  Brother  in    Gray  on  Land    and  Sea, 
The  Supreme  Military  Figure  of  the  A^6s: 

4-No  country  e'er  had  a  truer  son,  no  cause  a  nobler  champion, 

No  people  a  bolder  defender — no  principle  a  purer  victim. 

Than  the  soldier  commemorated  here. 

The  cause  for  which  lie  perished  is  lost. 

The  hopes  in  which  he  trusted  are  shattered; 

But  his  fame  linked  with  immortality, 

Shall  in  the  years  to  come,  fire  modest  worth  to  noble  ends 

In  honor  now,  our  hero  rests, 

And  history  shall  cherish  him 

Among  tliose  choicer  spirits  who  have,  been 

In  all  conjunctures,  true  to  themselves 

Their  country,  and  their  God." 


BY      A      FELLOW      COMRAD      IN      ARMS, 

JULIAN     S.     CARR, 

Privath,    Co.     K.   3rd  X.    C.    Cavalrv,    Barrin°;ers  Br&^rad'e, 

A.   X,   V. 


2i  yvcl    Cdt    „ 


l5-\^ 


EX  CONFEDERATE  VETERANS  OF  BERTIE,  AND  SUR- 
ROUNDING COUNTIES,  MY  COUNTRYMEN.  LA- 
DIES AND  GENTLEMEN. 

I  hold  it  one  of  the  greatest  honors  and  pleasures  of  my 
life  to  be  with  you  to  day.  I  desire  to  thank  my  distin- 
guished friend  for  his  kind  and  eloquent  words  of  introduc- 
tion, I  only  wish  I  merited  a  tithe  of  the  handsome  things 
he  was  kind  enough  to  say  of  me.  I  have  long  desired  to 
visit  the  glorious  Albermarle  section.  Celebrated  for  its 
gentle  climate,  majestic  pine  and  cypress  areas,  splendid 
rivers,  and  shimmering  sounds  of  silvery  waters,  with  their 
vast  fishing  industries;  I  have  longed  to  see  this  land,  with 
its  moss  wreathed  swamps  needing  only  the  magic  hand 
ofcapital,  to  make  them  fields  of  waving  green,  and  golden 
harvest — this  land  famed  for  its  warm  and  princely  hospi- 
tality, its  culture,  refinement,  and  fierce  love  of  liberty,  and 
for  its  brave  men  and  beautiful  women.  I  repeat  I  am 
happy  to  be  with  you  to  day.  Bertie  county  has  produced 
many  noble  and  illustrious  sons,  one  of  whom  I  often  have 
the  pleasure  of  seeing — Dr.  George  Taylor  Winston,  who  is 
directing  with  honor,  and  success  the  greatest  educational 
institution"  of  the  South.  And  another,  Robert  Watson  Win- 
ston has  recently  come  to  the  city  in  which  I  live,  to  devote 
himself  to  that  profession  whose  ermine  he  has  adorned, 
and  whose  practice  has  given  him  honor  and  fame  through- 
out North  .Carolina.  And  the  names  of  Captains  Garrett 
and  White  and  Cherry  and  Sutton  and  Jacocks  and  their 
brave  comrades  will  be  loved  and  honored  by  your  people 
even  as  the  names  of  Robert  the  Bruce  and  of  Wallace,  and 
the  Claus  are  revered  by  the   Highlanders  of  Scotland. 

Time  and  occasion  will  not  permit  me  the  pleasure  of 
mentioning  the  names  and  deeds  of  the  many  distinguished 
sons  of  Bertie.  No  county  in  Nort'i  Carolina  has  surpass- 
ed them  in  valor  upon  the  battle  field,  in  wisdom  in  Halls 
of  State  or  in  burning  oratory  on  the  hustings,  and  in  the  Fo- 
rum, Her  William  W.  Cherry  was  the  Sargeant  S.  Prentiss 
of  North  Caroliaa.  Here  too,  in  the  County  of  old  Alber- 
marle now  bearing  the  beautiful  name  of  Bertie,  we  find 
ourselves  surrounded  by  scenes,  that  thrill  the  heart,  andsug- 
gest  great  events  in  the  history  of  our  country.  Not  far 
away  the  sun  smiles  upon  the  birth-place  of  Virginia  Dare, 
the_  first  English  child  born    on    American  soil,    and  upon  a 


^>  X*2J>V 


bay,  whose  beauty  reminds  one  of  the  "pride  and  glory"' 
of  Naples,  is  Edenton,  whose  noblewomen,  struck  the  first 
spark  of  American  Independence  at  their  his  toric  tea  party. 

And  now  I  hear  the  roar  of  guns  at  Plymouth,  and 
Hoke's  splendid  division,  and  the  famous  Albermarle,  under 
Capt.  J.  W.  Cooke,  who  it  was  said  "would  fight  a  powder 
magazine  with  a  coal  of  fire,-'  drive  the  Federals  out  of  the 
town,  and  add  another  victory  to  the  Confederate  arms — 
the  wonderful  Ram  Albermarle  that  with  the  Merrimac  in 
Hampton  Roads,  set  a  lesson  for  the  Nations,  that  revolu- 
tionizednaval  warfare,  and  has  covered  the  seas  with  steel 
monsters,  whose  battle  flags  are  involentary  tributes  toCon- 
federate  genius  and  valor. 

Again  we  hear  the  boom  of  guns,  and  Roanoke  Island 
is  shaken  by  the  thunder  of  cannon,  and  wreathed  in  the 
fire  of  batteries.  Yes,  we  are  in  the  midst  of  historic  scenes 
that  will  inspire  the  youth  of  this  favored  section  of  North 
Carolina,  to  emulate  the  heroism  of  their  fathers,  and  the  forti- 
tude and  sublime  devotion  to  duty,  which  their  mothers 
displayed. 

My  Countrymen,  My  Brothers,  I  come  to  day  with  no 
purpose  to  deal  in  mere  compliment,  or  exagerated  phrase, 
for  however  pleasant  to  me,  unless  I  can  say  something 
useful,  it  were  better  that  you  had  honored  some  other  with 
your  invitation  to  address  you  on  this  sacred  occasion. 

I  shall  endeavor  to  speak  with  the  impartial  tongue  of 
history  and  of  love,  and  for  a  brief  space,  I  ask  your  atten- 
tion, to  a  consideration  of  tl.is  sentiment: 

Our  Brother  in  Gray  on  Land  and  Sea, 
The  Supreme  Figure  of  the  Ages. 

The  most  of  you  know,  all  that  I  know,  and  more, 
touching  that  sublime  character,  for  his  achievements  have 
been  heraled  from  "the  blushing  Orient  to  the  drooping 
West."  But  we  owe  a  duty  to  our  children,  to  those  who 
have  come  up  around  us  during  the  past  thirty  years.  At 
Appomattox.  General  Lee,  almost  crushed  by  the  grief  of 
contemplated  surrender,  exclaimed,  "Oh  that  posterity  might 
understand."  Let  us  dedicate  our  lives  to  teaching  posteri- 
tv  to  understand  the  justness  of  the  Confederate  cause,  and 
the  splendor  of  its   arms. 

When  yEneas  the  Trojan  was  commanded  by  tha  Queen 
of  Carthage  to  relate  the  tragic  story  of  the  fall  of  Troy,  he 
gave  expression  to  his  unutterable  grief  in  the  question,  "Who 
of  the  Myrmydons.  or  what  follower  even  of  the  stern 
Ulysses  could  refrain  from  tears  at  such  a  recital." 


Time  was  my  Brothers,  when  we  could  not  recite  the 
' -I  had  of  our  woes,-'  without  weeping.  But  the  years  have 
softened  our  grief  to  a  sweet  and  gentle  memory,  and  duty 
which  General  Lee  declared,  "the  sublimest  word  in  our 
language,"  calls   us  to  speak. 

SECESSION'. 

The  cause  of  the  colossal  contest  in  this  country  from 
sixty-one  to  five,  was  not  slavery,  as  many  suppose;  slavery 
was  only  the  occasion,  not  the  cause  of  the  war.  The  mag- 
azine was  ready.  Slavery  was  the  spark  that  caused  the 
explosion.  Says  the  Historian,  '-The  causes  of  the  Civil 
War  cropped  out  during  the  Colonial  era,  and  became  fully 
apparent  during  the  debates  of  the  State  Assemblies,  on  the 
adopti.cn  of  the  Federal  Constitution." 

One  of  the  greatest  writers  of  the  North  declares,  that 
■the  war  that  broke  out  in  i  86 1 ,  was  only  the  overt  act  of 
long  standing  aversions,  and  to  talk  of  treason,  wras  redic- 
ulous  in  the  masses,  and  false  and  perfidious  in  the  leaders. 
The  movement  of  sixty-one  was  not  treason,  nor  rebellion, 
but  war  between  different  portions  of  American  society, 
about  the  proper  construction  of  the  Constitution." 

The  right  of  the  States  to  withdraw  fromthe  Union,  was 
never  disputed,  until  shortly  prior  to  1861.  The  first  mut- 
terings  of  Secession,  came  from  the  North,  when  in  1793 
Theodore  Dwight  declared,  that  "before  his  people  would 
submit  to  the  prosecution  of  the  impending  war  with  En- 
gland, they  would  seperate  from  the  Union." 

The  right  of  Secession  was  proclaimed  and  threatened 
in  1803,  1812,  1840  and  1850,  and  on  the  17th  day  of  De- 
cember, after  theSecession  of  South  Carolina,  Horace  Greely, 
probably  the  bitterest  abolitionist  in  the  North,  wrote  in 
his  journal  these  words:  "If  the  Declaration  of  Independence 
justified  the  secession  from  the  British  Empire  of  three  million 
colonists  in  1776,  we  do  not  see  why  five  million  South- 
erners may  not  withdraw  from  the  Federal  Union  in  1861. 
If  the  Southern  States  choose  to  form  an  independent  nation. 
they  have  a  clear  moral  right  to  do  so." 

General  Grant  said,  in  his  memoirs,  "the  Constitution 
did  not  authorize  the  war.  but  it  made  no  provisions  against 
it."  Mark  it,  these  are  Northern  authorities,  as  to  the 
right  of  secession,  quite  sufficient  to  convince  any  one,  but 
the  overwhelming  arguments  in  its  favor,  advanced  by  Da- 
vis, and  Stephens  and  Bledsoe  and  other  Southern  statesmen, 
were  sealed  with  the  blood  of  Southern  chivalry,  and  admit 
of  no   answer. 


The  rig-lit  to  withdraw  from  the  Union  being  conceded, 
why  did  the  South  desire  to  exercise  that  right?  ''Because 
of  the  intolerable  political  situation,"  says  Mr.  Remelin, 
"that  brought  attacks  upon  the  Constitutional  rights  of  the 
Southern  States",  from  which  there  was  no  detense  but  a 
bloody  resistance." 

It  is  part  of  the  history  of  this  country  that  the  first  en- 
trance into  the  slave  business,  was  not  only  in  the  North  but 
by  Massachusetts  ox  a  co'oiiy,  in  1836.  So  we  find  that  the 
trafic  in  Mood  and  bones  was  introduced  and  pursued  as 
long  as  profitable,  by  the  fathers  of  the  men,  who  in  186  1, 
under  the  pretense  of  battling  for  human  freedom,  forced  a 
bloody  war  upon  the  men,  to  whom  their  fathers  had  for- 
merly sold  their  negro  slaves. 

Slavery  was  an  extraneous  question  by  which  Northern 
Demagogues  moved  the  masses  of  the  North  to  stab  the 
Constitution  in  the  name  of  Libeity — for  slavery  was  part  of 
the  very  life  of  the  Federal  Constitution,  guaranteed  by  the 
Fathers,  and  ratified  by  the  Nation. 


And  now  in  the  last  days  of  i860,  the  contest  for  State 
Rights  and  Sovereignty,  is  adjourned  from  the  Halls  of 
States.      Behold  the  Arbiter  ! 

"The  giant  war,  in  awful  power  stand 

His  blood  red  tresses  deepening  in  the  sun, 

With  death  shot  glowing  in  his  fiery  hands. 
An  eye  that  searcheth  all  it  glares  upon." 

The  host  of  the  North  is  marshalling  for  the  conflict, 
See  !  their  fluttering  banners,  marching  columns,  their  black 
wheeled  guns,  their  splendid  cavalry,  gathering  "in  war's 
magnificently  stern   array.'' 

And  now  like  the  answering  defiance  of  the  South  wind 
to  the  North,  before  some  mighty  storm  off  Hatteras.  so 
powerfully  portrayed  by  a  great  poet,  comes  the  bugle  note 
of  the  new  born  Confederacy.  It  fires  the  hearts  of  the  brave 
men  of  the  Palmetto  state,  and  reverberates  amid  the  flow- 
ery meads  and  orange  groves  of  Florida,  animating  her  pa- 
triots to  strike  for  freedom;  the  sons  of  Georgia,  and  Alaba- 
ma, and  Mississippi,  and  Lousiana,  and  Arkansas,  and  Ten- 
nessee, catch  its  silver  note,  and  rush  a  tide  of  living  valor 
to  the  defense  of  home  and  native  land;  the  men  of  the 
"Lone  Star"  state,  imbued  with  the  spirit  of  Churnbusco, 
Chapultepec,  and  the  Alamo,  pour  their  legions  toward  the 
North;  and  the  heroes  of  North  Carolina  and  Virginia,  spring 
to  its  clarion  call,  as  gladly  as  their  fathers  did  in  the  mor- 
ning of  the  Republic,  to  the  call  of  Washington. 


We  see  it  all  again.  We  see  fathers  putting  away  the 
clinging  arms  of  children,  and  bending  above  the  cradles  of 
dimpled  babes.  And  we  see  such  partings  of  loved  ones,  as 
nearly  press  the  life  out  of  brave  hearts. 

Come  with  me  My  Countrymen,  and  let  us  see  what 
these  Southerners  did.  that  has  given  them  an  immortality 
of  honor, 

Behold  on  the  one  side  a  government  strengthened  by 
the  growth  of  seventy-two  years,  on  the  other,  a  govern- 
ment, yet  in  its  swaddling  bands. 

On  the  side  of  the  North,  forces  ultimately  numbering  two 
million  eight  hundred  thousand  men,  drawn  from  a  popula- 
tion of  twenty  million  with  the  world  for  reinforcements, 
equipped  with  all  the  comforts  and  paraphernalia  of  war,  on 
the  side  of  the  South,  behold  her  six  hundred  thousand  men, 
backed  by  a  population  of  only  six  million,  without  manu- 
facturies  or  adequate  munitions  and  means  of  war,  with 
nothing  to  draw  on,  to  fill  her  exhausted  ranks,  save  the 
•cradle  and  the  grave." 

I  have  read  of  the  Paladins  of  Richard,  the  Cohorts  of 
Caesar,  the  Phalanxes  of  Macedon,  the  Legions  of  Gaul,  the 
Granadiers  of  Frederick  the  Great,  the  Squares  of  Welling- 
ton, the"01d  Guard''  of  Napoleon,  and  the  splendid  Corps  of 
the  North,  but  I  till  you  my  Brothers,  the  Confederate  sol- 
dier, with  his  old  slouch  hat,  his  bright  bayonet,  his  half- 
starved  form,  it  may  be  in  tattered  faded  coat  of  gray,  and 
shoeless  feet,  stands  the  supreme  military  figure  of  the  ages. 
Says  another: — "He  was  clothed  in  rags,  but  like  his  naked 
ancestors  in  the  woods  of  Germany,  he  carried  in  his  bosom 
the  heart  of  a  king. 

He  was  hungry  and  cold,  but  his  dauntless  spirit  glow- 
ed with  the  warmth  of  heroism  and  filled  him  with  the  joy 
of  unconquerable  manhood. 

Few  soldiers  have  equaled  him  in  the  misery  and  pover- 
ty of  his  equipment;    none  have  surpassed  him  in  the   maj- 
esty of  his  spirit,  or  the  heroism  of  his  deeds." 
And   what  sea  king   ever  surpassed   our   Semanes,    and  his 
Alabama? 


HEROISM    AND    GENIUS. 


At  Sharpsburg  Lee  with  forty  thousand  men  repulsed 
McClelland  and  his  army  of  ninety  thousand  veterans,  whose 
discipline  was  superb,  and  who  fought  with  the  greatest 
gallantry. 

Anon,  we  see  the  red  battle  flags  and  gray  coats 
crowning   the  Heights  of  Fredericksburg,    while    Burnsides 


— 6— 

splendid  army  deploys  in  line  of  battle  in  the  valley  below, 
a  magnificent  panorama  moving  to  the  roars  of  a  hundred 
great  guns  on  Stafford  heights. 

At  the  proper  moment  General  Lee  contracts  his  line  of 
twenty-five  miles  to  less  than  five,  and  with  seven y-eight 
thousand  soldiers,  awaits  the  attacks  of  one  hundred  and  thir- 
teen thousand  blue  coats.  Three  times  the  Union 
troops  assault  the  Confederate  works  in  rapid  succession, 
and  with  a  courage  and  discipline  marvelous  to  behold. 
Meagher's  Irish  Brigade,  won  an  immortality  of  fame,  at 
the  foot  of  the  stone  wall  held  by  North  Carolina  troops,  and 
added  new  glory  to  the  already  luminous  history  of  the 
Irish  in  battle.      Victory  remained  with  Lee. 

When  the  spring  of  1863  came,  a  mighty  Federal 
army  of  one  hundred  and  fifty-nine  thousand,  under 
General  Hooker,  an  officer  of  ability,  made  the  fourth 
grand  "On  to  Richmond,"  but  there,  in  the  tangled 
growth  of  the  Wilderness,  they  were  met  by  forty -seven 
thousand  Confederates,  and  hurled,  broken  and  demoral- 
ized, across  the  Rappahanock.  Lee's  genius  of  battle, 
and  Jackson's  great  flank  movement,  enrolled  Chancel- 
lorsville  by  the  side  of  Blenheim  and  Lntzen,  Austerlitz 
and  Jena.  But  the  triumph  was  lost  in  the  fall  of  Stone- 
wall Jackson,  the  "right  arm  of  Lee,"  whose  death  sent 
a  chill  to  the  heart  of  the  Southern  people. 

On  the  24th  of  June,  1863,  the  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia  crossed  the  Potomac,  and,  says  the  historian, 
"The  world  will  not  soon  see  such  a  spectacle  again." 
Seventy-two  thousand  muskets  glistened  in  the  sun;  two 
hundred  and  sixty  pieces  of  field  ordnance  were  ready  to 
envelope  the  foe  in  sheets  of  flame;  fifteen  thousand 
chosen  horsemen  followed  the  plume  of  Staurt,  the 
"Harry  Hotspur"  of  the  South,  and  all  yielded  ready 
obedience  to  the  illustrious  and  venerated  Commander- 
in-Chief. 

GETTYSBURG    AND   WATERLOO. 

We  cannot  undertake  to  describe  the  Battle  of  Gettys- 
burg in  detail.  To  do  so  would  require  a  volume.  It 
was,  perhaps,  a  greater  battle  than  that  of  Waterloo.  In 
many  particulars  they  were  strikingly  alike,  a  review  of 
which  may  prove  interesting,  but  in  two  respects,  which 
I  desire  to  emphasize,  they  were  remarkably  dissimilar. 

At  Waterloo  the  English  were  fortified  on  Mount  St. 


Jean,  the  French  were  in  the  plain  below.  At  Gettys- 
burg- the  Federals  were  entrenched  on  Cemeterv  Heights, 
the  Confederates  on  a  low  range  of  hills  called  Seminary 
Ridge.  There  were  a  hundred  and  fifty-two  thousand 
troops  engaged  at  Waterloo,  one  hundred  and  fifty-five 
thousand  at  Gettysburg.  The  loss  in  killed  and  wounded 
at  Waterloo  was  forty-nine  thousand,  at  Gettysburg  forty- 
six  thousand. 

Had  Napoleon  opened  the  battle  four  hours  sooner,  he 
could  have  crushed  Wellington  before  the  arrival  of 
Blucher.  Had  Longstreet  moved  his  corps,  when  or- 
dered by  Lee,  four  hours  sooner  than  he  did,  Sickles1 
and  Hancock's  corps  would  have  been  defeated  before 
the  Fifth  and  Sixth  corps  reached  the  field.  Grouchy  was 
separated  from  Napoleon  at  Waterloo,  Stuart  was  sepa- 
rated from  Lee  at  Gettysburg.  Had  his  cavalry  been 
with  General  Lee,  or  had  he  had  a  topographical  staff  to 
advise  him  of  the  nature  of  the  country,  the  Federals 
would  never  have  obtained  possession  of  Cemetery 
Heights,  thus  doubling  the  strength  of  the  Union  Army. 
Had  Napoleon  been  advised  of  the  condition  of  the  coun- 
try, and  not  dependent  tor  information  upon  the  word  of 
a  hostile  guide,  two  thousand  of  Milhaud's  four  thousand 
giant  horsemen,  with  breast-plates  of  steel,  led  by  Ney, 
would  not  have  been  crushed  to  death  in  the  sunken 
road  of  Ohain;  and  the  impact  of  that  mighty  mass 
would  have  broken  the  English  centre.  Napoleon  staked 
ail  upon  the  charge  of  the  Old  Guard;  Lee  staked  all 
upon  the  Greatest  Charge  of  modern  times. 

Here,  the  wonderful  similarity  between  these  battles 
ceases. 

When  defeat  came  to  the  French  army,  it  became  a 
demoralized  mob  and  rushed  pell-mell  from  the  field. 
When  defeat  came  to  the  Confederates,  the  Army  of 
Northern  Virginia  was  no  panic-stricken  mob.  General 
Meade  afterwards  declared  he  saw  "in  it  no  symptoms 
of  demoralization."  General  Lee  and  his  army  ex- 
pected and  anxiously  awaited  an  attack,  but  it  never 
came.  Both  armies  remained  in  position  until  the  night 
of  the  4th  of  July,  and  then  moved,  one  down  the  eastern 
the  other  down  the  western  side  of  South  Mountain,  with 
their  banners  turned  toward  Hagerstown. 


— 8— 

The  French  army  at  Waterloo,  composed  of  veterans 
whose  tramp  had  shaken  every  throne  in  Europe,  and 
given  to  France  such  victories  as  Fried  land  and  Marengo, 
and  Austerlitz,  and  Jena,  and  Borodino,  and  Bautzan, 
and  Leipsic,  and  Ligny,  became  a  flying,  hopeless,  help- 
less rout,  while  Lee's  veterans  at  Gettysburg,  under 
similar  or  worse  conditions,  stood  a  bank  of  steel,  defying 
attack. 

The  other  difference  which  I  desire  to  emphasize  is 
this:  Wandering  in  the  darkness  upon  the  fatal  and  fate- 
ful field  of  Waterloo,  Napoleon  sought  death  by  English 
bullets,  while  General  Lee  at  Gettysburg,  incomparably 
grander,  as  his  shattered  divisions  marched  by,  exclaimed, 
"Human  virtue  should  be  equal  to  human  calamity." 

So  against  the  Lilies  of  France,  we  place  the  Stars 
and  Bars,  and  against  the  genius  of  Napoleon,  that  of 
Robert  E.  Lee. 

NORTH  CAROLINA  AT  GETTYSBURG. 

And  what  was  North  Carolina's  part  in  the  battle  of 
Gettysburg?  It  is  our  duty  to  chronicle  her  deeds  on 
that  field  whenever  occasion  offeis. 

For  thirty  years  we  have  heard  of  Pickett's  Virginians, 
and  but  little  to  the  honor  of  the  North  Carolinians  in 
that  great  battle.  We  have  allowed  others  to  write  our 
history  quite  long  enough.  They  have  written  it  to  suit 
themselves.  How  many  North  Carolinians  were  in  that 
charge?  The  Eleventh,  Twenty-sixth,  Forty-seventh 
and  Fifty-second  Regiments  North  Carolina  Troops  of 
Pettigrew's  Brigade;  the  Seventh,  Eighteenth,  Twenty- 
eighth,  Thirty-third  and  Thirty-seventh  Regiments  of 
Lane's  Brigade;  and  the  Thirteenth,  Sixteenth,  Twenty- 
second,  Thirty-fourth  and  Thirty-eighth  of  Scales'  Bri- 
gade, and  one  North  Carolina  Regiment  of  Davis'  Mis- 
sissippi Brigade. 

Of  Lane's  thirteen  hundred  veterans,  six  hundred 
were  left  on  the  field.  Of  Pettigrew's  Brigade  of  seven- 
teen hundred,  eleven  hundred  remained  on  the  field. 
And  Scales'  Brigade  suffered  in  the  same  proportion. 
Many  of  the  North  Carolina  Regiments  had  been  cut  to 
pieces,  and  were  exhausted  by  the  fight  of  the  first  day, 
in  which  Pickett's  troops  had  not  participated. 


—9— 

The  North  Carolinians,  in  sweeping  np  the  slope  of 
Cemetery  Heights,  met  obstacles,  and  were  mowed  dozen 
by  showers  of  grape  and  canister,  which  Pickett's  com- 
mand fortunately  escaped. 

Pettigrew  was  commanding  Heth's  Division.  Not- 
withstandirg  their  decimated  ranks,  the  natural  obsta- 
cles and  the  awful  havoc  of  the  artillery,  the  North 
Carolinians  penetrated  furthest  into  the  Federal  lines, 
and  Lane's  Troops  were  the  last  to  retire  from  the 
Federal   guns. 

I  do  not  wish  to  be  misunderstood.  I  would  not  utter 
one  word  in  disparagement  of  the  sublime  courage  and 
patriotism  of  Pickett's  magnificent  body  of  Heroes,  nor 
of  any  Confederate  command  present,  but  I  state  the 
facts  of  History,  and  ask  for  justice  for  North  Carolina's 
sons,  who  poured  out  their  life-blood  -like  water,  at  the 
foot  of  the  Pennsylvania  mountains,  on  that  fiery,  fatal 
third  day  of  July,  1863.  These  North  Carolinians  had 
won  the  victory  of  the  first  day,  and  the  historian  tells 
us  that  these  same  men,  Heth's  gallant  division,  intrep- 
idly maintained  itself  not  long  afterwards  at  the  Wilder- 
ness, for  three  hours  against  the  combined  power  of  the 
Federal  arm}-. 

GRANT  AND  THE  SURRENDER  OF  THE  ARMY  OF 
NORTHERN  VIRGINIA. 

In  May,  1864,  commenced  the  beginning  of  the  end. 
Grant  crossed  theRapidan  with  an  army  of  one  hundred 
and  forty-two  thousand  veteran  troops,  while  the  forces 
at  the  command  of  Lee  numbered  only  fifty-two  thou- 
sand six  hundred  and  twenty-six.  Notwithstanding  this 
disparity,  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia  was  unshaken 
and  dangerous.  It  was  an  army  of  "veterans  sharpened 
to  a  perfect  edge,"  as  a  Northern  writer  declared. 

Grant,  an  able  soldier  with  wonderful  persistence, 
discarded  the  science  of  war  and  resorted  to  mere  attri- 
tion, knowing  that  he  could  better  afford  to  lose  ten  men 
than  Lee  could  one. 

Soon  followed  the  ferocious  struggle  of  the  Wilderness. 
The  bloody  scenes  of  Spotsylvania  Court  House  and 
Cold  Harbor,  the  long-drawn-out,  but  sublime  defense 
of  Petersburg  and  then — Appomattox. 


—10— 

The  supreme  hour  had  come.  The  Army  of  Northern 
Virginia,  of  twenty-six  thousand  men,  with  only  seven 
thousand,  eight  hundred  men  with'  muskets  in  their 
hands,  surrounded  by  the  massive  lines  of  Grant  150,000 
strong,  is  about  to  surrender.  The  brightest  orb  that 
ever  traversed  fame's  burning  elliptic  is  about  to  disap- 
pear from  the  sight  of  men  forever,  but  like  the  orb  of 
day,  as  it  sinks  beneath  the  western  wave,  it  is  to  leave 
a  light  behind  that  is  to  irradiate  the  earth. 

There  stood  the  starving,  shattered  remnant  of  the 
Army  of  Northern  Virginia,  whose  conquering  banners 
had  waved  in  triumph  over  eight  and  twenty  sanguinary 
fields  of  battle;  that  had  wrestled  with  death,  and  won 
victory,  and  suffered  defeat  through  four  gigantic  cam- 
paigns, and  strewed  its  heroic  dead  from  the  crest  of 
Cemetery  Heights  to  the  gates  of  Virginia's  capital  city. 

That  army,  my  brothers,  that  had  eternized  the  name 
of  Beauregard  with  First  Manassas,  and  adorned  the  brow 
of  Joe  Johnston  with  the  splendid  wreath  of  Seven  Pines, 
carved  the  name  of  Jackson  upon  the  granite  foundations 
of  the  Blue  Ridge,  and  wrought  the  battle  fires  of  four 
long  years  into  a  diadem  of  glory  for  the  brow  of  Robert 
Lee. 

A  GREAT  CONFEDERATE  MUSEUM  AND  ROYAL  GALLERY 
OF  LEADERS. 

France  has  her  Muse  d'Artillerie  and  Salle  des  Amies 
in  which  are  collected  the  wonders  and  mementoes  of 
her  victories  and  campaigns.  It  may  be  that  in  the 
future  we  may  see  a  mighty  Confederate  Museum  in 
Richmond,  the  gateway  of  the  Southern  Confederacy. 
Its  courts  containing  the  curios,  battle  flags  and  relics  of 
our  terrific  contest,  and  its  walls  mosaiccd  with  tablets 
and  enriched  with  portraits  of  the  great  leaders  of  the 
Confederacy — Jefferson  Davis,  who  upheld  the  fortunes 
of  the  South,  as  Hector  did  those  of  Troy;  Robert  E. 
'  Lee,  who  Stonewall  Jackson  said  he  "would  follow  blind- 
fold," and  who  the  military  critics  ot  Europe  rank  with 
Caesar  and  Napoleon;  Albert  Sidney  Johnson,  who  for 
the  South  sacrificed  his  life  at  Shiloh,  and  who,  Swinton 
says,  was  "the  brightest  star  in  the  firmament  of  the 
Southern  Confederacy;"  Joseph  E.  Johnson,  who  Grant 


—l  i— 

said  he  "feared  more  than  any  commander  ever  in  his 
front;"  P.  T.  Beauregard,  the  greatest  military  engineer 
since  Todleben;  and  Jubal  A.  Early,  .the  great  lieuten- 
ant of  Lee;  the  chivalric  commander  of  the  Light  Divi- 
sion; A.  P.  Hill,  and  Richard  Ewell,  the  splendid  soldier 
trained  by  Jackson;  D.  H.  Hill,  the  magnificent  com- 
mander, and  Hood,  the  indomitable  and  impetuous 
Texan;  Longstreet,  the  Macdonald  of  the  army;  Wade 
Hampton,  the  chivalric  Knight  of  Carolina,  and  the 
intrepid  soldier,  R.  F.  Hoke;  Fitz  Lee,  the  splendid 
Cavalier  of  the  Confederacy,  and  Forrest,  the  Murat  of 
the  Southwest;  Wheeler,  the  great  cavalryman,  and 
Pettigrew,  whose  "name  is  as  immortal  as  the  stars." 
There  we  would  read  of  the  deeds,  and  see  the  portrait, 
of  the  noble  Ashby,  the  gallant  Pelham,  the  splendid 
Pendleton,  the  heroic  Pender  and  Daniels,  and  Branch, 
and  Whiting,  and  Fisher,  and  Robert  Ransom,  and  Grimes 
and  Cox,  and  Robert  Vance,  and  W.  P.  Roberts;  of  Ram- 
seur,  the  superb;  of  J.  E.  B.  Stuart,  the  greatest  cavalry- 
man, Gen.  Hooker  declared,  "yet  born  on  this  conti- 
nent," and  of  many  others  I  cannot  now  mention. 

A  noble  ex-Confederate  soldier,  now  living  in  the  city 
of  New  York,  Charles  Broadway  Rouss,  has  already  sig- 
nified a  princely  generosity  by  offering  to  give  two 
hundred  ana  fifty  thousand  dollars  to  help  erect  a  Con- 
federate Museum.  We  salute  him  in  the  name  of  the 
Southern  people,  and  thank  him  in  the  name  of  our 
sacred  cause. 

In  Hopkinsville,  Kentucky,  is  a  column  to  the  mem- 
ory   of    one    hundred    and    one    unknown    Confederate 
soldiers.      Upon  a  bronze  panel  is  this  inscription: 
"Around  this  column  is  buried  all  of  heroism  that  could  die." 

John  C.  Latham,  Jr.,  now  of  New  York  City,  erected 
this  monument,  but  his  name  no  where  appears  upon  it. 
He  thus  reduced  the  golden  rule  to  a  granite  shaft,  which 
will  perpetuate  his  splendid  unselfishness  and  nobility  of 
soul,  as  it  will  the  courage  of  the  dead  heroes  beneath  it. 

a  confederate:  column  and   its  inscriptions. 

I  wish  to  see  a  colossal  column  erected  to  tne  private 
soldiers  of  the  Confederacy,  not  by  individuals,  but  by 
the  Federal  government;  and  if  not,  then  by  the  South. 


—12— 

ern  States.  And  somewhere  on  that  column,  by  the  side 
of  the  story  of  other  men's  splendid  heroism,  I  would 
wish  to  read  proper  recognition  of  the  deeds  of  one  of 
the  "bravest  of  the  brave." 

Victor  Hugo  says  "Cambronne  was  sublime  at  Water- 
loo" when  he  refused  to  surrender  the  last  square  of  the 
"Old  Guard,"  and  fell,  with  his  men,  under  the  fire  of 
the  English  batteries. 

Let  me  name  a  soldier  who  was  equally  as  brave  at 
Gettysburg:  Bertie's  own  son,  Captain  Francis  W.  Bird, 
Company  C,  B'eveuth  North  Carolina  Regiment,  who 
lost  thirty-four  out  of  thirty-eight  men  on  the  first  and 
second  days,  with  the  remaining  four  went  into  the  great 
charge  of  the  third,  and  brought  out  his  flag  with  his 
own  hand.      All  honor  to  his  memory  to-day. 

And  on  that  Confederate  monument  should  be  carved 
words  telling  in  fitting  terms  of  the  endurance,  patience, 
love  and  heroism  of  the  Women  of  the  South. 

Without  the  Confederate  private,  the  officers  would 
have  no  niche  in  the  Temple  of  Fame;  without  the  Con- 
federate officers,  the  Confederate  soldier  would  not  stand 
the  supreme  figure  of  the  ages;  without  the  Confederate 
woman,  both  would  have  lacked  the  inspiration  that 
made  them  immortal. 

And  should  any  such  memorial  be  erected,  there  should 
appear  on  it  the  name  of  the  Great  War  Governor  of 
North  Carolina.  My  countrymen,  when  the  fathers  of 
this  commonwealth  shall,  in  years  to  come,  wish  to 
point  their  sons  to  some  illustrious  exemplar  of  purity  in 
life,  fidelity  in  friendship,  and  grandeur  in  statesman- 
ship, they  will  take  their  little  ones  upon  their  knees 
and  teach  them  to  lisp  and  to  love  the  name  of  Vance. 

THE    CONFEDERATE    MONUMENT    AT    CHICAGO. 

And  now  all  hail  to  the  citizens  of  Chicago,  who,  with 
a  patriotism  as  broad  as  the  Union,  recently  set  the  re- 
public a  lesson  in  true  nobility  by  unveiling  a  splendid 
monument  to  our  six  thousand  Confederate  dead  in 
Camp  Douglas,  in  the  Metropolis  of  the  West. 

That  monument,  it  seems  to  me,  is  the  grandest  yet 
erected  on  the  earth.  Others  have  been  reared  by  friends 
and  by  fellow-countrymen,  never  divided  by  the  crimson 


—13— 

hand  of  war.  But  this  monument  was  erected  not  by  their 
loving  brothers  in  gray,  but  chiefly  by  their  once  fierce 
foes  in  blue.  It  stands  not  in  the  land  of  Jefferson  Davis, 
but  in  the  adopted  State  of  Abraham  Lincoln,  About 
it  beautiful  women  of  the  South  sang  no  songs  of  love, 
but  brave  women  of  the  North  with  flowers  wreathed 
the  battery  at  its  base,  contributed  by  the  government, 
and  paid  tribute  in  words  that  gave  new  glory  to  the 
flag  of  the  Union. 

God  bless  the  citizens  of  Chicago  for  their  broad- 
mindedness,  unselfishness  and  generosity.  The  Great 
South  in  love  presses  to  her  bosom  her  splendid  sister, 
whose  imperial  domain  lies  beneath  the  setting  sun;  and 
whose  sons  and  daughters  are  as  brave  and  beautiful, 
patriotic  and  progressive  as  any  of  the  children  of  men. 

That  Confederate  monument  they  recently  unveiled 
in  Chicago,  it  seems  to  me,  is  the  grandest  yet  erected 
on  this  globe.  And  beautifully  did  General  Hampton 
say,  and  right  gladly  do  we  endorse  his  words:  "All 
honor  then  to  the  brave  and  liberal  men  of  Chicago,  who 
have  shown  by  their  action  that  they  regard  the  war  as 
over,  and  that  they  can  welcome  as  friends,  on  this 
solemn  and  auspicious  occasion,  their  former  enemies. 
As  long  as  this  lofty  column  points  to  heaven,  as  long 
as  one  stone  of  its  foundation  remains,  future  generations 
of  Americans  should  look  upon  it  with  pride,  not  only 
as  an  honor  to  those  who  conceived  its  construction,  but 
as  a  silent,  though  noble  emblem  of  a  restored  Union 
and  a  reunited  people.  In  the  name  of  my  comrades, 
dead  and  living,  and  in  my  own  name,  I  give  grateful 
thanks  to  the  brave  men  of  Chicago,  who  have  done 
honor  to  our  dead  Confederate  solders." 

THE  FALSE  AND    COWARD    CRY    OF    REBELS    AND  REBEL- 
LION. 

In  the  presence  of  the  record  of  the  Confederate  sol- 
dier, there  are  men,  fortunately  but  few  in  number, 
sufficiently  malicious  and  cowardly  to  refer  to  him  as  a 
traitor  and  a  rebel.  Those  who  utter  this  base  calum- 
niation are  densely  ignorant,  or  infamously  false.  We 
despise  the  cowardly  aspersion.  We  protest  against  it 
in«the  name  of  the  Southern  people.      We  repel  it  in  the 


—14— 

name  of  Alamance  and  Mecklenburg,  King's  Mountain, 
and  Guilford  Court  House.  We  spurn  it  in  the  name 
of  eighty  years  of  American  history,  during  which  the 
councils  of  this  Republic  were  directed  and  controlled 
by  Southern  statesmen.  Who  wrote  the  Declaration  of 
Independence  ?  Whose  sword  beat  back  the  hosts  of 
Britain  ?  What  jurist  most  adorned  the  Supreme  Bench 
of  this  Nation?  Whose  tongue  fired  the  American  heart 
with  the  love  of  freedom  and  cried  "Give  me  liberty  or 
give  me  death  !"  Whose  valor  at  New  Orleans  cut  to 
pieces  the  flower  of  the  English  army  and  rolled  back  the 
tide  of  invasion? 

Vile  calumniator  he,  who  dares  affirm  that  one  drop 
of  Rebel  blood  ever  flowed  in  the  veins  of  the  descend- 
ants of  Jefferson,  and  Jackson,  and  Patrick  Henry  and 
Marshall  and  Madison,  and  George  Washington  and 
their  compatriots.  Against  the  base  imputation  we  ap- 
peal to  the  words  of  Lincoln,  and  Grant,  and  Greeley, 
who  declared  that  the  Constitution  was  "silent  about 
Secession,  and  that  it  was  a  question  of  construction  and 
policy."  Rebels!  The  battle  flags  of  the  Confederacy 
fluttered  over  half  a  continent  and  the  thunder  of  its 
guns  echoed  around  the  globe.  When  before  in  the 
history  of  the  world  were  there  such  rebels  ?  It  was  not 
a  rebellion,  but  a  gigantic  war. 

When  before  in  the  history  of  the  world  were  rebels 
treated  as  were  the  armies  of  the  Confederacy  by  the  terms 
of  the  surrender  at  Appomattox  ? 

What  did  General  Grant  mean  by  addressing  a  rebel 
in  all  his  correspondence,  as  General  R.  E.  Lee,  com- 
manding the  Confederate  States  Armies  ? 

Why  drd  the  United  States  Government  fail  to  pros- 
ecute Jefferson  Davis  ?  Because  the  best  lawyers  of  the 
North  and  of  Europe,  advised  that  the  prosecution  for 
treason  could  not  be  sustained. 

Whenever  you  hear  the  vile  epithet  of  rebel  applied 
to  the  Confederate  soldier  tell  the  base  slanderer  that 
Stonewall  Jackson  said,  "Our  late  conflict  was  not  a  re- 
bellion, but  the  'Second  war  of  Independence. '  " 

THE   SOUTH    AND    THE    UNION — CONCLUSION. 

Behold   the   South  !     How  beautiful  !     In    1865  »she 


emerged  from  the  fire  and  smoke  of  battle,  her  fair  form 
gashed  with  grievous  wounds,  and  red  with  her  blood. 
She  staggered  under  the  burden  of  a  loss  of  three  billion 
dollars  worth  of  slaves,  four  billions  of  other  values,  and 
a  mighty  incubus,  growing  out  of  new  conditions.  She 
placed  her  trust  in  the  men,  and  the  sons  of  the  men, 
who  had  crowned  her  with  glory  in  war,  and  lo  !  she 
stands  to-day,  superb  in  her  imperial  power  and  loveli- 
ness— not  a  New  South,  but  a  Progressive  South,  sweep- 
ing along  the  pathway  of  Anglo  Saxon  supremacy,  and 
civil  liberty. 

Not  long  since,  Reverend  Dr.  Madison  Peters,  of  New 
York,  said,  "I  wish  to  apologize  to  the  South  for  the  un- 
charitab.e  thoughts  I  have  entertained  touching  her 
loyalty  to  the  Union.  I  know  now,  said  he,  that  if  the 
tocsin  of  war  should  be  sounded,  a  foreign  foe  invade 
our  shores,  or  an  insurrection  arise  in  our  midst,  two 
millipn  men,  heavily  armed,  would  come  from  the  South, 
and  rally  around  the  flag  of  the  Union. 

.  He  added,  "The  South  may  yet  be  called  upon  to 
save  the  North  from  the  reckless  immigration,  that  is 
undermining  her  social  order,  and  threatening  our  insti- 
tutions." 

From  the  base  of  the  Confederate  Monument,  we 
recently  unveiled,  in  our  Capital  city,  we  pledge  our 
brothers  of  the  North  that  the  opinion  expressed  by  Dr. 
Peters  is  fully  justified  by  the  patriotism  aud  loyality  of 
the  Southern  people.  The  Stars  and  the  Stripes  is  our 
flag.  It  floats  above  our  homes,  and  will  rustle  in  beauty 
above  the  graves  of  our  loved  ones.  If  it  is  not  our  flag, 
we  have  none.  When  this  country  needs  brave  hearts 
to  defend  it, — all  will  see, 

"Whose  dripping  blades  and  stalwart  arms, 

Will  hue  a  red  circle  in  the  line, 

And  fence  our  Country's  flag  from  harm." 

But  we  of  the  South  demand  a  "Union  of  the  States 
with  such  a  jealous  regard  for  one  anothers  rights,  that 
when  the  interest  and  honor  of  one  are  assailed  all  the 
rest  feeling  the  wound  will  kindle  with  just  resentment 
at  the  outrage." 

And  not  until  bad  men  of  the   North  cease  to  slander 


—16—     • 

and  to  misconstrue  the  motives  of  Southern  men,  can 
there  be  that  perfect  union  of  hearts  so  earnestly  desired 
by  all  good  men  both  North  and  South. 

Loyal  to  this  Union,  standing  ready  to  defend  it 
against  internal  strife  or  a  world  in  arms,  we  dedicate 
ourselves  anew  to  the  perpetuation  of  our  sacred  mem- 
ories. 

Devoted  to  the  "Stars  and  Stripes,"  we  will  gather, 
ever  and  anon  about  the  "Stars  and  Bars,"  and  wet  it 
with  tears  of  love,  and  all  brave  men   will  understand. 

"Four  stormy  years  we  saw  it  gleam, 
A  people's  hope — and  then  refurled 

Even  while  its  glorv  was  the  theme — 
Of  half  the  world". 

They  jeer,  who  trembled  as  it  hung 

Comet-like,  blazoning  the  sky, 
And  heroes,  such  as  Homer  sung, 

Followed  it — to  die." 


00032757428 

FOR  USE  ONLY  IN 
THE  NORTH  CAROLINA  COLLECTION 


